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John Netherland (September 20, 1808 – October 4, 1887) was an American attorney and politician, active primarily in mid-19th century Tennessee. A leader of the state's Whigs, he served in both the Tennessee Senate and Tennessee House of Representatives, and was an unsuccessful candidate for governor on the Opposition ticket in 1859. During the Civil War, he supported the Union, and was a delegate to the 1861 East Tennessee Convention. ==Early life and political career== Netherland was born in Powhatan County, Virginia, one of eleven children of Richard and Margaret (Woods) Netherland. While John was still an infant, the family moved to Kingsport, Tennessee, where his parents established a stagecoach stop known as the Netherland Inn. Young John was educated at Tusculum Academy under famed frontier preacher Samuel Doak, and read law with Judge Samuel Powell.〔Oliver Perry Temple, (John Netherland ), ''Notable Men of Tennessee]'' (Cosmopolitan Press, 1912), pp. 159-165.〕 He was admitted to the bar in 1829, and briefly moved to Franklin, Tennessee, before returning to Kingsport upon the death of his father.〔William S. Speer, ''(Sketches of Prominent Tennesseans )'' (Genealogical Publishing Company, 2010; originally published in 1888), pp. 62-64.〕 Netherland was elected to the 1st district's seat in the state senate in 1833, when he was just 25 years old. As a state senator, he opposed the Indian removal policies of Andrew Jackson and state Democrats.〔 In 1834, a state constitutional convention rewrote Tennessee's 1796 constitution. The new constitution placed the minimum age for state senators at 30, so he was unable to seek a second term.〔 He did, however, win election to Sullivan County's seat in the Tennessee House of Representatives.〔 Netherland aligned himself with the burgeoning Whig Party, which generally opposed the policies of the Jackson administration. In 1836, he was an elector for Whig presidential candidate and fellow East Tennessean Hugh Lawson White.〔 During his term in the state house, he opposed a bill that instructed the state's U.S. senators to vote for a measure reversing a censure of Jackson.〔 This angered Sullivan Countians, and Netherland was subsequently forced to resign.〔Oliver Taylor, ''(Historic Sullivan: A History of Sullivan County, Tennessee )'' (King Printing Company, 1909), pp. 291-295.〕 In 1837, Netherland moved to Rogersville, Tennessee, in nearby Hawkins County, where he would live for the rest of his life.〔 In 1839, he married Susan McKinney, the daughter of powerful Rogersville attorney John A. McKinney. As a wedding present, McKinney built a house for the young couple, Rosemont, which still stands in downtown Rogersville.〔(Rogersville Walking Tour ), Rogersville Main Street Program, 2010. Retrieved: 25 April 2013.〕 While Netherland focused primarily on his law practice during the 1840s, he remained politically active. He ran unsuccessfully for the state legislature in 1841, losing by a narrow margin.〔 In 1846, Netherland successfully defended a group of Melungeons who had been charged with illegally voting (colored people had been barred from voting by 1834 state constitution).〔Tim Hashaw, ''(Children of Perdition: Melungeons and the Struggle of Mixed America )'' (Mercer University Press, 2007), p. 13.〕〔Bonnie Sage Ball, ''(The Melungeons: Notes on the Origin of a Race )'' (Overmountain Press, 1992), p. 65.〕 In 1847, he was among the candidates considered by the state legislature to replace Spencer Jarnagin in the United State Senate, but the seat went to John Bell.〔 Netherland was an at-large elector for Zachary Taylor in 1848, canvassing the state and debating Memphis judge William T. Brown and former governor Aaron V. Brown.〔 In 1851, Netherland was elected to the Hawkins County seat in the Tennessee House of Representatives.〔 The following year, he supported Winfield Scott for president. In October 1852, Netherland was badly injured in a wagon accident while travelling to Calhoun, Tennessee, with Gustavus Henry and Charles McClung McGhee to stump for Scott.〔William MacArthur, Jr., "The Early Career of Charles McClung McGhee," East Tennessee Historical Society ''Publications'', Vol. 45 (1973), pp. 6-7.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「John Netherland」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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